Israel grapples with October 7 aftermath, accountability, and Gaza's changes

Three years after the October 7, 2023 attacks, Israelis are widely demanding accountability for the security failures that preceded the assault, with protests held across the country calling for an independent state inquiry. Families of victims and hostages have accused the government of neglecting those affected and are pushing for answers regarding how the attacks occurred. Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has reportedly resisted calls for an independent investigation, despite new revelations surfacing about warnings issued to Israeli security agencies prior to October 7, and the issue remains a central point of contention as Israel approaches national elections this month.

Survivors of the attacks continue to grapple with profound trauma, with many experiencing long-term psychological distress, including PTSD. Former hostages describe living with vivid memories of captivity, and mental health organizations note a rise in distress among survivors, often amidst what is described as insufficient state support. The collective trauma has shattered a sense of security for many Israelis and continues to impact communities.

Meanwhile, the humanitarian crisis in Gaza continues to deepen following three years of Israeli bombardment. Despite a ceasefire agreement announced in October 2025, the region still experiences missile strikes, ongoing insecurity, and severe restrictions on humanitarian aid. The conflict has resulted in over 73,000 Palestinian deaths, including more than 21,000 children, and has displaced nearly the entire population of Gaza, leaving millions facing dire shortages of food, water, and shelter.